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close Warning: Can't synchronize with repository "(default)" (/hepforge/svn/chaplin does not appear to be a Subversion repository.). Look in the Trac log for more information.

Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of TracInstall

Timestamp:: Nov 9, 2012, 9:16:02 AM (12 years ago)
Author:: trac
Comment:: --

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TracInstall

-                      v2
+                      v3
 = Trac Installation Guide for 0.12 =
+= Trac Installation Guide for 1.0 =
 [[TracGuideToc]]
 Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
 Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you **first** have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
 If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at TracInstallPlatforms on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
+Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual.
+If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [[trac:TracL10N]].
+What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
 [[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
 …
 To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.4 and < 3.0
    (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.3 in this release)
  * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
  * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
+ * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.5 and < 3.0
+   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.4 in this release)
+ * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6, or better yet, [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute distribute]
+ * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6 (unreleased version 0.7dev should work as well)
 You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings.
 …
 ==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
+If you're using Python 2.5 or 2.6, you already have everything you need.
+If you're using Python 2.4 and need pysqlite, you can download from
+[http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code] the Windows installers or the tar.gz archive for building from source:
+As you must be using Python 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python (the `sqlite3` module).
+However, if you'd like, you can download the latest and greatest version of [[trac:Pysqlite]] from
+[http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code], where you'll find the Windows
+installers or the `tar.gz` archive for building from source:
 {{{
 $ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
 …
 }}}
+This will extract the SQLite code and build the bindings.
+To install SQLite, your system may require the development headers. Without these you will get various GCC related errors when attempting to build:
+{{{
+$ apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
+}}}
+SQLite 2.x is no longer supported, and neither is !PySqlite 1.1.x.
+A known bug !PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrade of trac databases
+This will download the latest SQLite code and build the bindings.
+SQLite 2.x is no longer supported.
+A known bug PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrade of trac databases
 from 0.11.x to 0.12. Please use versions 2.5.5 and newer or 2.5.1 and
 older. See [trac:#9434] for more detail.
 See additional information in [trac:PySqlite].
+older. See #9434 for more detail.
+See additional information in [trac:PySqlite PySqlite].
 ==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
 …
 ===== Subversion =====
  * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.4.0, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page. Versions prior to 1.4.0 won't probably work since trac uses svn core functionality (e.g. svn_path_canonicalize) that is not implemented in the python swig wrapper in svn <= 1.3.x (although it exists in the svn lib itself).
+ * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.0, like 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
 There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. TracSubversion points you to [http://alagazam.net Algazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
 Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings. [Is there a ticket for implementing ctype bindings?]
+Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
 …
 ===== Others =====
 Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersioningSystemBackend].
+Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
 ==== Web Server ====
 …
  * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
  * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
    server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
+   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
  * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), '''but usage of Trac as a cgi script
    is highly discouraged''', better use one of the previous options.
 …
  * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version >= 0.9.5,
+   needed for localization support[[BR]]
+   ''Note: '' If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you first have installed the optional package Babel. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
+   needed for localization support (unreleased version 1.0dev should work as well)
  * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
    for WikiRestructuredText.
 …
 A few examples:
  - first install of the latest stable version Trac 0.12.1, with i18n support:
+ - install Trac 1.0:
    {{{
+   easy_install Babel==0.9.5 Genshi==0.6
+   easy_install Trac
+   easy_install Trac==1.0
    }}}
+   ''It's very important to run the two `easy_install` commands separately, otherwise the message catalogs won't be generated.''
+ - upgrade to the latest stable version of Trac:
+   (NOT YET ENABLED)
+ - install latest development version 1.0dev:
    {{{
    easy_install -U Trac
+   easy_install Trac==dev
    }}}
+ - upgrade to the latest trunk development version (0.13dev):
+   {{{
+   easy_install -U Trac==dev
+   }}}
+For upgrades, reading the TracUpgrade page is mandatory, of course.
+=== From source
+If you want more control, you can download the source in archive form, or do a checkout from one of the official [[Trac:TracRepositories|source code repositories]].
+Be sure to have the prerequisites already installed. You can also obtain the Genshi and Babel source packages from http://www.edgewall.org and follow for them a similar installation procedure, or you can just easy_install those, see [#Usingeasy_install above].
+Once you've unpacked the Trac archive or performed the checkout, move in the top-level folder and do:
+{{{
+$ python ./setup.py install
+}}}
+''You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
+This will byte-compile the python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
+of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as htdocs and templates.
+The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
+If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure  Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
+{{{
+$ python ./setup.py install
+}}}
+Alternatively, you can do a `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from dist/ to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
+=== Advanced Options ===
+To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
+{{{
+easy_install --help
+}}}
+Also see [http://docs.python.org/inst/inst.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
+Specifically, you might be interested in:
+{{{
+easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
+}}}
+or, if installing Trac to a Mac OS X system:
+{{{
+easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
+}}}
+Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default
+The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
+   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
+   either use a released version or install from source
 === Using `pip`
 …
 To get a trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
 Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in /opt/user/trac:
+Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`
+ -
 …
 Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (libpq-dev) or MySQL (libmysqlclient-dev) bindings.
 pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in /opt/user/trac .
 All commands (tracd, trac-admin) are available in /opt/user/trac/bin. This can also be leveraged for mod_python (using !PythonHandler directive) and mod_wsgi (using WSGIDaemonProcess directive)
+pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
+All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive)
 Additionally, you can install several trac plugins (listed [http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=search&term=trac&submit=search here]) through pip.
+=== From source
+Of course, using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works.
+You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. Trac-1.0.tar.gz), or you can get the source directly from the repository (see Trac:SubversionRepository for details).
+{{{
+$ python ./setup.py install
+}}}
+''You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
+This will byte-compile the python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
+of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as htdocs and templates.
+The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
+If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure  Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
+{{{
+$ python ./setup.py install
+}}}
+Alternatively, you can do a `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from dist/ to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
+=== Advanced Options ===
+To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
+{{{
+easy_install --help
+}}}
+Also see [http://docs.python.org/inst/inst.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
+Specifically, you might be interested in:
+{{{
+easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
+}}}
+or, if installing Trac to a Mac OS X system:
+{{{
+easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
+}}}
+Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default
+The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
 …
+== Running the Standalone Server ==
+== Deploying Trac
+=== Running the Standalone Server ===
 After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
 …
 }}}
+== Running Trac on a Web Server ==
+Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server: [wiki:TracCgi CGI], [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI], [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi] and [wiki:TracModPython mod_python]. For decent performance, it is recommended that you use either FastCGI or mod_wsgi.
+Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS.
+==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory ====
+=== Running Trac on a Web Server ===
+Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
+ - [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI]
+ - [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]
+ - //[wiki:TracModPython mod_python] (no longer recommended, as mod_python is not actively maintained anymore)//
+ - //[wiki:TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
+Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
+==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory ==== #cgi-bin
 In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
 …
 }}}
+==== Mapping Static Resources ====
+Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For anything but a tracd only based deployment, this is far from optimal as the web server could be set up to directly serve those static resources (for CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' and will cause abysmal performance).
+Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by Trac itself.
+There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible by `/chrome/<plugin>` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
+Note that in order to get those static resources on the filesystem, you need first to extract the relevant resources from Trac using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
+[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
+The target `<directory>` will then contain an `htdocs` directory with:
+ - `site/` - a copy of the environment's directory `htdocs/`
+ - `common/` - the static resources of Trac itself
+ - `<plugins>/` - one directory for each resource directory managed by the plugins enabled for this environment
+===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` ===== #ScriptAlias-example
+Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
+{{{
+$ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
+}}}
+Add the following snippet to Apache configuration ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` (which map all the other requests to the Trac application), changing paths to match your deployment:
+{{{
+Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
+Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
+<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
+  Order allow,deny
+  Allow from all
+</Directory>
+}}}
+If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
+{{{
+<Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
+  SetHandler None
+</Location>
+}}}
+Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.*cgi` script, and the path `/trac/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
+Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's `htdocs` directory (which is referenced by `/trac/chrome/site` URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
+{{{
+Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
+<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
+  Order allow,deny
+  Allow from all
+</Directory>
+}}}
+Alternatively to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common`, you can tell Trac to generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[wiki:TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
+{{{
+[trac]
+htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
+}}}
+Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources (preferentially [http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/request.html#ServeFromCookielessDomain cookie-less]).
+Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
+{{{
+$ ln -s /path/to/trac/htdocs/common /var/www/static.example.org/trac-common
+}}}
 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache ====
 …
 == Configuring Authentication ==
+The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac. The basic procedure is described in the [wiki:TracCgi#AddingAuthentication "Adding Authentication"] section on the TracCgi page. To learn how to setup authentication for the frontend you're using, please refer to one of the following pages:
+ * TracStandalone if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
+ * TracCgi if you use the CGI or FastCGI web front ends.
+ * [wiki:TracModWSGI] if you use the Apache mod_wsgi web front end.
+ * TracModPython if you use the Apache mod_python web front end.
+== Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets ==
+Trac uses HTTP authentication. You'll need to configure your webserver to request authentication when the `.../login` URL is hit (the virtual path of the "login" button). Trac will automatically pick the REMOTE_USER variable up after you provide your credentials. Therefore, all user management goes through your web server configuration. Please consult the documentation of your web server for more info.
+The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac.
+Please refer to one of the following sections:
+ * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
+ * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi` of course, but the same instructions applies also for `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
+ * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
+== Granting admin rights to the admin user
+Grant admin rights to user admin:
+{{{
+$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
+}}}
+This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to admin your trac project.
+== Finishing the install
+=== Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets ===
 You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever changes are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
 …
 For more information, see the documentation of the `CommitTicketUpdater` component in the "Plugins" admin panel.
 == Using Trac ==
+=== Using Trac ===
 Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
 Keep in mind that anonymous (not logged in) users can by default access most but not all of the features. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
+Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
 '' Enjoy! ''
 …
 ----
 See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracCgi, TracFastCgi, TracModPython, [wiki:TracModWSGI], TracUpgrade, TracPermissions
+See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracUpgrade, TracPermissions